Child labor Essay Example for Free

Child labor Essay Children are the future of the nation. They are flowers of our national garden. It is our duty to protect these flowers. Child labour is a socio-economic problem. Child labour is not a new phenomenon in India. From ancient times, children were required to do some work either at home or in the field along with their parents. However, we find in Manusmriti and Arthashastra that the king made education for every child, boy or girl, compulsory. In those days there was a system of trade of children, who were purchased and converted to slaves by some people. The problem of child labour was identified as a major problem in the 19th century when the first factory was started in mid-19th century. Legislative measures were first adopted as early as 1881. Since independence there have been several laws and regulations regarding child labour. Child labour has been defined as any work done by the children in order to economically benefits their family or themselves directly or indirectly, at the cost of their physical, mental or social development. Child is the loveliest creation of nature. But it is the circumstances which force them to hard labour. They have to earn livelihood from early childhood, stopping their mental development. The nation suffers a net loss of their capacity as mature adults. Child labour is a global problem. It is more common in underdeveloped countries. Child labour, by and large, is a problem of poor and destitute families, where parents cannot afford education of their children. They have to depend on the earning of their children. The prevalence of child labour is a blot on society. It is a national disgrace that millions of children in this country have to spend a major part of their daily routine in hazardous works. The problem of child labour in India is the result of traditional attitudes, urbanisation, industrialisation, migration, lack of education, etc. However, extreme poverty is the main cause of child labour. According to the UNICEF, India is said to have the largest number of world’s working children. Over 90% of them live in rural areas. The participation rate in rural urban areas is  6.3% and 2.5% respectively. According to a recent report, 17 million children in our country are engaged in earning their livelihood. This constitutes 5% of the total child population of the nation. It is about one-third of the total child labourers of the world. In India, working children are engaged in different organised and unorganised sectors, both rural and urban areas. In rural sector, children are engaged in field plantations, domestic jobs, forestry, fishing and cottage industry. In urban sector they are employed at houses, shops, restaurants, small and large industries, transport, communication, garages, etc. In India, working children are also self-employed as newspaper, milk boys, shoeshine boys, rag pickers, rickshaw-pullers, etc. About 78.71% of child workers are engaged in cultivation and agriculture, 6.3% are employed in fishing, hunting and plantation, 8.63% in manufacturing, processing, repairs, house industry, etc., 3.21% in construction, transport, storage, communication and trade and 3.15% in other services. Child Labour is exploited in several ways. Preference of child labour by many employers is mainly due to the fact that it is cheap, safe and without any liability. Many children take up the job just because of the non-availability of schools in their areas and thus rather than sitting idle, they prefer to go to work. Illiteracy and ignorance of parents is also an important factor. These parents do not consider child labour as evil. Child labourers have to work more than adult workers. They are exploited by their employers. There are several constitutional and legal provisions to protect working children. At present there are 14 major acts and laws that provide legal protection to the working children. Notwithstanding, the evils of child labour is on the increase. The biggest cause behind its spread is poverty. It cannot be completely eradicated from society unless its root cause is not addressed. Child labour perpetuates poverty. Child labour is economically unsound, psychologically disastrous and ethically wrong. It should be strictly banned. The general improvement in socio-economic conditions of people will result in gradual elimination of child labour.

Christian Justice and Righteousness Essay -- Martin Luther, theology, s

As a reformer, Martin Luther certainly changed the world of the Church. Would you say that his opposition to the existing religious authority of his day could be justified from a scriptural standpoint? How might it not? Which biblical principles affect your own responsibility to promote justice and righteousness when such actions come into conflict with an established order? Â   The actions of Martin Luther in the 1500s have reached almost mythical stature among Christians. Luther's deeds had much more radical consequences than he could have foreseen as he first challenged the existing church. He sparked a revolution of thought, a break from the Roman Catholic Church system and a return to a faith based upon Scripture alone. Though Martin Luther's choices were for an essential cause and brought fantastic results, a question must be answered before Christians can truly call him a hero of the faith. The question is this: Was Luther's challenge of his earthly authorities justifiable by the scripture? Â   The answer is not instantly obvious, nor do the Scriptur...

Acoustic Design in Architecture

IntroductionThe intent of this study is to bring forth a design strategy for the transition of a big room to a multi usage theater. The study will show the necessary things that need to be considered to guarantee a satisfactory acoustic environment by mensurating the jobs encountered with acoustic design and how to undertake them. The study will look at the jobs related to this infinite and present possible solutions and recommendations based on the information available. Initial programAs in every instance, this room presents it ‘s ain alone set of jobs, which involve really common factors such as the form and size of the room, the intended usage of the infinite, the budget and the basic Torahs of acoustics. The phase will be best positioned at the Centre of the E wall, as shown in Fig.1 The audience deepness will be shallow and broad so that the best can be appreciated from a presentation or public presentation both visually and acoustically. More significantly, the sound making the audience will be equally distributed.With the phase positioned on the E wall, the obvious measure is to put the commixture desks and equipment storage in the boxed country opposite the phase. The walls are made of gypsum board. The room measures 15.176m broad and 12.176 long with an excess ‘pocket ‘ on the side mensurating 5m by 3.396m. The seating capacity will be about 80-100. Problems Although this is the logical manner to place the phase and seating, there is a large job with the design that needs to be ironed out ; the roof is high and airy on one side of the room yet low and dense on the other. As symmetricalness is critical in acoustic design, this is a large job. However, troubles would besides originate if the phase were positioned at one of the narrower sides of the room because the audience would still non acquire even sound distribution. The Windowss pose another large job for the proposal of the design. If they were a coveted characteristic a sound-reducing window could be fitted, but these are expensive and normally favoured in entering studios or topographic points where ocular presentation is non involved. For the intents of this undertaking, which must suit controlled lighting and projectors, daytime and the alterations in daytime would be unacceptable. The demand for Windowss in this instance is excess. The undertaking support can non justify electrical devices to command echo but sufficient committedness demands to be made towards sound support. For the intent of leasing the infinite to administrations outside of the university, it needs to be classed as a music locale, which brings with it it ‘s ain set of demands in footings of equipment and care every bit good as in the acoustic design.Trials with sound inside the infinite demand to be conducted before the talker agreement can be determined.Solutions and recommendationsWalls The wall opposite the phase will necessitate diffusors to administer or absorb the sound and modulate echo clip. Curtains along the dorsum of the phase country will give more options once the locale is up and running and could besides be extended to the North and South walls, in add-on to the absorbers and diffusors. Rigid Rocksil walling is first-class, but expensive. There are many fiberboard solutions on the market, which would be a cheaper option. These can be screwed to the bing wall. Floor A inexpensive and effectual option for the floor is heavy felt carpet carpet pad with a tight rug on the top. An attractive, but more expensive option would be to put wooden flooring over the top of the thick carpet pad ; the difficult surface of the wood could heighten the sound quality ; excessively much soft trappings may ‘deaden ‘ the sound. Ceiling The best solution to the job with the ceiling is to happen a balance between the sound generated under the high ceiling, with that being generated under the low side. As the country on one side of the room will hold a different sound quality to the other side, absorbers need to be fitted to the high ceiling to antagonize echo and a set of diffusors to the low ceiling to maximize the quality of the sound, ( see figure 2 ) . An aesthetic characteristic can be made of the high subdivision of the ceiling utilizing the reflectors and absorbers. Windows & A ; doors The solid fire doors will non leak much sound. Vibration leaked through the doorcase can be greatly decreased utilizing doorcase sound gaskets. The Windowss would be best removed or blocked with absorbers. An air conditioning system will necessitate to be installed, even if the Windowss remain, air conditioning is still perfectly necessary with so much insularity. Free standing absorbers Another ideal manner to add flexibleness to the working design of the studio is to include freestanding sound absorbers, deflectors and diffusors. These can be moved around to suit with the nature of public presentation or presentation and the size of the audience. They can besides be usage made without excessively much disbursal. Decision The initial job facing this undertaking faces is the multi intent usage for which it has been designated and the flexibleness that is required from the finished design. Live music and address require different methods of application in acoustic design. Address and play public presentations depend mostly on design made with good intelligibility in head, where as acoustic design for music locales needs to take other factors into consideration that may non work out best for address and frailty versa. In add-on to this, The University has limited financess for the undertaking. The of import factor here is that the design must be finished to a competitory criterion and the locale must be able to run swimmingly if The University is to do the theater a commercial success.More research needs to be carried out inside the room to find how, precisely, the issue with the ceiling can be decently resolved. The acoustics of the infinite will necessitate to be tested before work is carried out, utilizing a little sound system that can set up the extent of alteration in sound from one side of the room to the other. BibliographyMakrinenko, L. , Ed, Bradley, J.S.,1986. Acousticss of Auditoriums in Public Buildings, New York: Acoustic Society of America.Elsea P, 1996. ACOUSTIC TREATMENT FOR HOME STUDIOS, California: University of California Santa Cruz.Ed. Wallace Clement Sabine, 1921. Collected Documents on Acousticss, New York: 5 Acoustical Society of AmericaAcoustic Absorbers and Diffusers: Theory, Design, and Applicationby Trevor J. Cox, Peter D’Antonio, Spon Press ( April 1, 2004 )

3 Prominent Themes Found in William Shakespeares Othello

In Shakespeares Othello, themes are essential to the working of the play. The text is a rich tapestry of plot, character, poetry, and theme – elements which come together to form one of the Bards most engaging tragedies. Othello  Theme 1: Race Shakespeare’s Othello is a Moor, a black man - indeed, one of the first black heroes in English literature. The play deals with interracial marriage. Others have a problem with it, but Othello and Desdemona are happily in love. Othello holds an important position of power and influence. He has been accepted into Venetian society based on his bravery as a soldier. Iago uses Othello’s race to ridicule and belittle him, at one point calling him â€Å"thick lips†. Othello’s insecurities surrounding his race ultimately lead to his belief that Desdemona is having an affair. As a black man, he doesn’t feel he is worthy of his wife’s attention or that he has been embraced by Venetian society. Indeed, Brabanzio is unhappy about his daughter’s choice of suitor, due to his race. He is quite happy to have Othello regale stories of bravery to him but when it comes to his daughter, Othello is not good enough. Brabanzio is convinced that Othello has used trickery to get Desdemona to marry him: â€Å"O thou damned thief, where hast thou stowed my daughter? Damned as thou art, thou hast enchanted her, For I’ll refer me to all things of sense, If she in chains of magic were not bound, Whether a maid so tender, fair, and happy, So opposite to marriage that she shunned The wealthy curled darlings of our nation, Would ever have t’incur a general mock, Run from her guardage to the sooty bosom Of such a thing as thou†Brabanzio: Act 1 Scene 3. Othello’s race is an issue for Iago and Brabanzio but, as an audience, we are rooting for Othello, Shakespeare’s celebration of Othello as a black man is ahead of its time, the play encourages the audience to side with him and take against the white man who is mocking him just because of his race. Othello Theme 2: Jealousy The story of Othello is propelled by feelings of intense jealousy. All of the action and consequences that unfold are the result of jealousy. Iago is jealous of Cassio’s appointment as lieutenant over him, he also believes that Othello has had an affair with Emilia, his wife, and harbors plans for revenge on him as a result. Iago also appears to be envious of Othello’s standing in Venetian society; despite his race, he has been celebrated and accepted in society. Desdemona’s acceptance of Othello as a worthy husband demonstrates this and this acceptance is due to Othello’s valor as a soldier, Iago is envious of Othello’s position. Roderigo is jealous of Othello because he is in love with Desdemona. Roderigo is essential to the plot, his actions act as a catalyst in the narrative. It is Roderigo who goads Cassio into the fight which loses him his job, Roderigo attempts to kill Cassio so that Desdemona stays in Cyprus and eventually Roderigo exposes Iago. Iago convinces Othello, erroneously, that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. Othello reluctantly believes Iago but is finally convinced of his wife’s betrayal. So much so that he kills her. Jealousy leads to Othello’s degradation and ultimate downfall. Othello Theme 3: Duplicity â€Å"Certain, men should be what they seem†Othello: Act 3, Scene 3 Unfortunately for Othello, the man who he trusts in the play, Iago, is not what he seems he is scheming, duplicitous and has a deep malevolent loathing for his master. Othello is made to believe that Cassio and Desdemona are the duplicitous ones. This mistake of judgment leads to his downfall. Othello is prepared to believe Iago over his own wife because of his faith in his servant’s honesty; â€Å"This fellow’s of exceeding honesty† (Othello, Act 3 Scene 3). He doesn’t see any reason why Iago might double cross him. Iago’s treatment of Roderigo is also duplicitous, treating him as a friend or at least a comrade with a common goal, only to kill him in order to cover up his own guilt. Fortunately, Roderigo was savvier to Iago’s duplicity than he knew, hence the letters exposing him. Emilia could be accused of duplicity in exposing her own husband. However, this endears her to the audience and demonstrates her honesty in that she has discovered her husband’s wrongdoings and is so outraged that she exposes him.

Essay on Analysis of a Motivational Speech by Queen...

The human desires of greed, wealth, and power have been embedded into the worlds history as political figures have led invasions of other countries countless numbers of times. Whether invaded or being invaded, a country requires strong and capable leaders to see them through this difficult time. In 1588, Queen Elizabeth I of England gave a motivational speech to her troops using the rhetorical devices of diction, imagery, and sentence structure to motivate her subjects positively and to instill the fear of the pending invasion in their hearts. br brThe queen uses positive diction, sentence structure, and imagery in her effort to motivate her people to defend their country from their Spanish invaders. She uses diction to praise and†¦show more content†¦The mention of her three positions shows her as generous and powerful, causing her troops to respect and admire her. The listing of the three characteristics of her troops shows her faith in them and infuses in them a determination not to let her down, thus motivating the troops to defend their homeland. The queen uses imagery as well to motivate her people. She describes herself as having the body of a weak and feeble woman, but having the heart and stomach of a king. By providing them with a mental image, she addresses their concerns of her ability to lead them to victory as she assures them that her strength may not be physical but instead, mental, emotional, and spiritual, thus encouraging them to trust in her authority. She also claims that she will lay down for th e sake of her country. By creating the image of her physically lying down in the name of her countrys pride, the queen convinced her troops of her dedication to the battle. br brThe queen also uses diction, sentence structure, and imagery with negative connotations in her effort to motivate her people to defend their country from their Spanish invaders. Using the device of diction, she refers to their invaders as enemies. The use of the word enemies serves to unite the people in the defense of their country. Its use also personifies the Spanish and encourages the people to fight more wholeheartedly against enemies. She also says that she was warned of the treachery ofShow MoreRelatedQueen Elizabeth I Essays3117 Words   |  13 Pages Queen Elizabeth I was by all rights Englands most praised monarch. Her success in her reign, viewed in later centuries, cannot adequately encompass all that she did or how she maintained her power. In part, her endurance stems from the way in which she learned early in life to fight with forces that were not physical, those of her mind, her intellect, and her own spirit. She used her intellect to create an empire. Her education and early training of mind together with her basic understanding

President Obama s Foreign Policies - 1807 Words

During their respected terms, former President George Bush Jr. and current President Barack Obama issued foreign policies that differed in various ways. Since former President George Bush Jr. and President Barack Obama are from different political parties their views and their policies differ. They both focus on different major issues, from invading countries, to taking out an organized terrorist leader, to making peace with countries and trying to abolish any nuclear weapons from falling into the hands of the wrong countries. From what their policies state they will do to what they actually do will show whether they are a realist or idealist based on their time in office, since they both served two consecutive terms. After one of the worst terrorists attacks on the United States President Bush had declared war on terrorism and began a military campaign against the terrorist group Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. President Bush then had decided to invade Iraq and the removal of Dictator Sadd am Hussein the following year. He also had a five step plan to help Iraq. First he would transfer full sovereignty to a government of Iraq citizens. Secondly he would establish the stability and security that democracy requires. Next he would plan to rebuild that nation’s infrastructure. Then he would enlist additional international support. Finally he planned to free national elections no later than January of 2005. He had stated all of this in his public speech on Iraq in May of 2004. FormerShow MoreRelatedPresident Obama s Foreign Policy758 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Barack Obama and President George W. Bush took different approaches to foreign policy. Lindsay (2011) suggests that the attacks on September 11th caused President Bush to take an ideological approach to foreign policy. Obama rejected Bush’s outlook and took a more pragmatic approach. Despite the differences between these two approaches, both Presidents were ultimately unable to meet their internati onal goals. In this essay, I will summarize Lindsay’s main argument. First, I will reviewRead MoreU.s. Obama s Foreign Policy1621 Words   |  7 PagesThe Obama Doctrine Obama was elected president in 2008 .WHen Obama was running for president many people did not know him. He was unknown to the general public. When Obama was elected many people were happy and wanted him to win because Obama promised to end war in Afghanistan and Iraq. Which he did during the end of his presidency he ended the Iraq war and also signed a nuclear deal with Iraq from obtaining nuclear weapons. He tended to keep away from foreign policy. Some of Obama s Major ForeignRead MoreU.s. Military Policy Policies1677 Words   |  7 PagesBarack Obama, the 44th president of the United States, began his presidency dealing with many foreign policy issues left behind by his predecessor, George Bush. President Bush was unable to solve many foreign policy problems faced by our country prior to leaving office. Some of these included the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the Arab-Israeli conflict, illegal immigration, and improving U.S. relations with Cuba. President Obama was faced with th e question of how to handle the number troops in IraqRead MoreReflection Of The Obama Doctrine1662 Words   |  7 PagesQuick POL S 321 B Response Paper 3 May 22, 2016 Prompt 3: In reflection of the â€Å"Obama Doctrine† At the end of their term, each president is subject to critique regarding their competency in office. One important aspect that is heavily looked at is their legacy in the arena of foreign relations. Presidents are remembered for the impact they have made to the world for better or for worse. An example of this can be Franklin D. Roosevelt and George W. Bush. Both are former presidents of the UnitedRead MoreU.s. Foreign Policy Policies1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe U.S. foreign policy has always been linked to the domestic policy since the U.S. never feared of expanding its national interests over the national boarders. Isolation for the U.S. usually implied slow economic growth and the large number of destructive conflicts within, while impudent foreign policy always guaranteed an abrupt economic growth for the U.S. economy. After the U.S. intervened in the WWI and the WWII, the U.S. economy witnessed a tremendous economic growth, nearly elimination ofRead MoreBarack Obama s Ac complishments And Challenges Essay1718 Words   |  7 PagesPresident Barack Obama is seen as one of the most controversial presidents in the recent U.S. history. This paper will examine Obama s legacy by introducing his background prior to the white House; analyze Obama’s major accomplishments and challenges in the past 8 years. As well as examines the internal opposition force from the other branches of the government Obama faced when conducting domestic policy. Obama was born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii, to a white mother from Kansas, StanleyRead MoreBarack Obama s President Of The United States1417 Words   |  6 PagesBarack Obama is the 44th president of the United States. He won presidency in 2008 while running against John McCain, then won re-election in 2012 while running against Mitt Romney. In this paper, I will be arguing his achievements and disappointments in his foreign and domestic policies, as well as what campaign promises he has kept or broken while president of the United States. 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According to urban-dictionary s definition: post-racial is â€Å"a term used to describe a society or time period in which discussions around race and racism have been deemed no longer relevant to current social dynamics†, â€Å"popularized after the election of Barack Obama to the presidency of the United States of America in 2009†(Godheval).Read MoreArgumentative Synthesis Of President Obama1173 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2015 Argumentative Synthesis President Barack Hussein Obama was the forty fourth president elected into office in 2008 and the first United States president, under the constitution, of African descent. He has worked his way up from the Illinois State Senate to the US Senate then officially sworn in as president on January 20, 2009. Considering his background in politics, logically, he should be a responsible, trustworthy candidate for president yet that does not stand for his mentality

Australia Security Investigating Commissionâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Australian Security And Investigating Commission? Answer: Introducation In the present case, there are certain issues cropped up regarding the dispute raised in the case of ASIC v. Cassimetis. The issues can be categorized as follows: The first issue is whether the directors of the alleged company had made breach against any provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 or not. The second issue is whether the Directors of the company, Mr. Mrs. Cassimetis had followed up every duty mentioned under the provision of the Corporation Act or not (Aroney et al 2015). In the case of the Cassimetis, certain provisions of the Corporation Act 2001 should be followed up. A brief Observation of the case reveals the fact that a serious breach has been done by the directors of the alleged company. Australian Securities and Investigation Commission have made an allegation against the acts of the company towards its shareholders and the following issues are cropped up thereby (Barnett 2017). Relevant laws: The core of the case is based on certain principles of the Corporation Act 2001. The applicability of the Act in the continents of Australia is wide in nature. Corporation Act is a general Act deals with the various aspects of the company related matters in Australia. Allegation that brought against the company enlightens the provision of the directors duty that is particularly mentioned in section 180 of the Act. The duties of the directors are mentioned under section 180 to section 184 of the Act. In this case, section 180 (1) will be applied (Berk et al 2013). It was contended in the case of Australian security and investigating Commission vs. Adler that the position of Corporation Act should rely upon certain sections that I deal with the director duty. The case is solely depend upon the provision of directors duties. Certain principles of Corporation Act was accepted in that case.The problem regarding the directors duties are a common problem in the societies of Australia. It should be kept in mind that Australia is a business country. Under the Corporation Act it has been stated that directors owe an important position in a company. It is there duty to maintain a professional atmosphere while performing their job. A director must make a bridge between the company and the shareholders (Blair 2015). It is stated under the provision of the Corporation Act that it director should show certain care and diligence to the shareholders.He must do his duties with good faith. However there are certain situations, where it can be seen that the directors are not maintaining that part of their duties. Section 180 subsection (1) it has been mentioned that directors should not misuse their post at any cost. It has also been mentioned that the directors should have to retain the prestige of their post. He is under the liability to devote his duties and responsibilities towards the interest of the company and he is also under the liability that he will not feather his own nest (Chia, Ramsay 2015). There are other sections under the financial Corporation accounting Act that are specifically deals with the matter of a director's obligations. Under section 184 of the said act it has been written that a director ought to remember that he is holding a prestigious post.He should not coerce any other person for attending his self interest (Coffee et al 2015). The provision of Corporation Act is widened in nature. In Australia it is very common that the directors from the financial sector are engaging themselves in a illegal way and try to Breach their duties regarding the same. there are a number of cases where the related the relatedmatters take place. In case of Australian security and investigating Commission vs FMG (2011) it has been observed by the learned Court that if there is an allegation against a director of a company that he has received the shareholders of the company for some illegal purposes that is related to his own interest then the provisions of section 1041H will be applied. It was held by the court that if the allocation was proved by evidences the director will be held guilty of the offence and he should be convicted under the section of 1041 eye of the Corporation Act 2001. However the nature of the penalties is civil. The court held that along with the civil penalties the director can be imposed with certain moneta ry penalties that are in engraved under section 674 sub section 2 of the said Act (Crane Matten 2016). The present case is solely based on the principle that is laid down under section 180 of the Corporation Act. It has been stated under the act that the rules and norms of the act is applicable upon any kind of directors of a company. There is no limitations of exceptions mentioned under the section. Are closed interpretation of the section stated that the rules of the section is also applicable on the sole directors of a company. The ultimate objective of section 180 of the actors that it is taking an attempt to secure the interest of the shareholders of a company as they are playing an important role in the economic benefit as well as the establishment of a company. Therefore it can be said that the shareholders are in wasting their money to buy the share of the company. These activity are supposed to give a strong support to the economic backbone of the company. Under the Australian law, it has been stated that the interest of the shareholders are not going to be excused at any cos t. The directors are under the application that the interest of the shareholders should not be diminished at any cost. It is also a duty of a director of a company that he must disclose all the essential documents that are related to the interest of the shareholders and should not hide any information from the shareholders so that their interests can be suffered by such things. It is a director's Duty 2 state about the risks of a financial sector so that the shareholders can understand the negative as well as the positive impact of the investing money (Dawkins 2014). The supreme court of Australia has passed a strict rule that is an allegation has been made against a director of a company that he does not this close all the facts and documents of the financial project and having the shareholders to invest in the project he should be guilty under the provision of section 180 of the Corporation Act 2001. It should be noted that the amount of loss is not get any importance in the non disclosure case. In Australian Security and Investigating Commission vs Hellicarors. (2012), it was stated that the provisions of section 180 of the Earth is not Limited up to the statutory duties of a director of a company and the nature of the position of the section is quite wide (Ferran Ho 2014). Application: All the relevant rules and laws mentioned under the Corporation Act will be applicable in the case of Cassimetes. The Australian security and investigating Commission had taken allegation against the company that the directors of the company coerce the shareholders and without abide by the rules of the Corporation Act he allowed all the shareholders to invest their money into the project that is particularly known as the storm project. It has been seen that the company was faced serious breakdown in the financial sector and all the money is invested by the shareholders were drowned. Certain contention has been made by the director of the company that the provision of section 180 of the Corporation Act will not be applicable in their case as they are the souled director of the company and under the provision of section 180 there is no Express provision where it has stated that the rules of section will be applicable on the soul directors. The Australian security and investigating Comm ission amazed that the director of the company has failed to perform his duties as per the provisions stated under the Corporation Act. It was also stated that the directors were coerce the money of the shareholders and without informing them about the risk of the project, collecting money from the investors and after the break down in the financial sector of the company, they had not made any attempt to investigate into the condition of the shareholders the money of the shareholders and without informing them about the risk of the project collecting money from the investors and after the break down in the financial sector of the company they had not made any attempt to investigate into the condition of the shareholders. Most of the shareholders where from middle class family and after their investments were faced a huge loss, then became insolvent. 48 can be stated that the directors of the company has not follow the rules of the Corporation Act and has failed to perform their duti es with due care and obligation (Ferrell Fraedrich 2015). Other hand It was also stated that a director who is holding a serious post in a financial corporation shoot state about the rest of the investment to the shareholders and if he failed to perform the shade duty in a proper way he shall be liable for the breach of Duty under section 180 of the Corporation Act. In ASIC vs FMG, the same principle was laid down. In ASIC vs McDonald (2009) it was stated that a director should disclose the relevant materials to the shareholders and the provision is mandatory in nature. Section 184 of the Corporation Act it has been stated that the director shoot from their duties in good faith but in this case it has been seen that the directors of the company has not made any attempt to secure the interest of the shareholders after the break down in the financial sector and for that reason the shareholders, who are from the middle class families, become insolvent due to the non professional action of the directors of the said company (Hargovan 2017). In this case the provision regarding the directors duties has been interpreted with certain jurisprudential mentality of the judge of the case. It was observed by the court that section 180 of the corporation of has taken an attempt to secure the interest of the shareholders of the company and it is restricting the directors to misuse the post or chair in certain illegal way. As per evidences given by the Australian securities investigating commission and the examination of the witnesses who are supported the evidences identified by the Australian security and investigating Commission, the court held that the directors of the strong company was liable under the section of 180 of the Corporation Act and had failed to perform their job properly and therefore the court at their judgement against the directors of the company. It is the ultimate duty of a director of a company to maintain a balance between the risk and the prosperity of the company, but in this case it has been seen that the directors of the company has failed to make the balance and after the break down in the financial sector they had not even perform their job in good faith (Hedges et al 2016). Therefore, from the following facts, it can be stated that the judgement made by the court as against the director of the company is justified and proper in nature and it is the duty of the director to maintain the rules provided under the corporation out and in case of any failure by the director of the company the provisions of section 180, section 182, section 183 and section 184 of the Corporation act will be applicable on them (Keane McKeown 2014). The case matter of part B is based on the rules of proprietary company. The company related matters in Australia is dealing by the several provisions of the Corporation Act 2001. In proprietary company the rules regarding the directors is regulated by the provision of section 201H of the Corporation Act. Under the proprietary company the common rules that every partner of the company has a right to be a director of the same and they can hold shares in that company either equally or as per decided by the directors of the company. The rules regarding the common activity of the company as well as the directors of the company are governed by the constitution of the same. A constitution is a book that consists of certain norms that are mandatory in nature and imposed on the each and every part and staff of the said company. In case of any changes into the profession of the Constitution of the company it is important to hold a resolution regarding the same and it is mentioned under the pro vision of Corporation Act, such resolution should be supported by 75% of votes. It should be kept in mind that in the voting arena, both the directors and the shareholders of the company has a right to take participation and in case the rule is avoided by any of the directors, they will be liable under the necessary profession of the Corporation Act (Laing, Douglas Watt 2015). The question is based on the appointment of the director of the proprietary company and the removal of the director from the post. Under section 201 age of the corporation at it has been mentioned that the appointment of the director in such proprietary company should be followed up with certain rules and one resolution process should be maintained regarding the same and it is a right of the Other directors who can appoint another director. In this case it has been observed that 4 siblings were formed the proprietary company and appointed themselves as the board of director of the shirt company. Under the section it has been mentioned that once a director is appointed certain rules should be maintained regarding the removal of such director from the post of directorship. It has been stated earlier that Australia is a business country and the provision regarding the company as well as the corporation of Australia the provision of the Corporation Act 2001 is applicable. It is a fact th at there are number of cases pending before the court regarding the breach of Duty by the director of the company as well as certain illegal steps taken by the director of the company that are unprofessional in nature and create serious impact on others. Therefore an initiative has been taken by the government of Australia to make the rules regarding the composition of the companies as well as the directors duties more stricter (Langford 2015). Regarding the removal of the director from the post it has been mentioned that rules contained under the constitution of the company should be followed up. In the given problem it has been observed that the company of the case has also a constitution and in the class 9 K of the constitution procedures for the removal of the directors from their post has been mentioned in a proper way. However one of the director of the company named Kanye has been removed from his post without following all the norms mentioned in the constitution. She was removed from his post by the other directors of the company. Under section 229H subsection (1) of the Corporation Act voting system should be held regarding the removal of the director and in that system but the shareholders and the directors will cast their vote against the director and before the voting program an extraordinary General Marketing should be held up. In case if the members of the company are agreed upon the fact that the director sho uld be removed from the post they will cast their votes and the decision of the boat shall be submitted to the alleged director in the form of a notice and as per section 249A of the Act, the notice should contained certain signature of the consenting parties. These rules should be followed irrespective of the constitution. In the present case it has been mentioned that the constitution allows all the directors of the company to continue the post until the winding up of the company. However rules stated under the constitution has not been maintained by the directors of the company in case of Kanye. Even there is no Express profession stated in the case law that all the others profession that is stated above has been maintained regarding his removal. Therefore the removed director has every right to take certain necessary steps against the other directors of the company for the illegal removal from the company. There is another rule proposed by the Australian securities and investiga ting Commission that Form No. 484 should be filled up properly regarding the removal of a director from his post. However in the present case, there is no mention about the form and therefore it can be stated that Kanye was removed from his post illegally (Langford, Ramsay Welsh 2015). The statement regarding the share of the removed directed in the company is also a serious concern in this case. As per the law regarding the proprietary company, every director has a right to hold certain shares in the company. It is there right to hold certain shares in the company and the right should not be snatched away from them if any of the directors were removed from his directorship. If an attempt has been made to deprive the removed director from the shares then it will be treated as legal and certain steps can be taken against the other directors. Section 196 of the Corporation Act 2001 deals with the directors interest over the share issue and in case of any violation regarding the rules the affected directors can take necessary steps as per the rules provided under the Corporation Act 2001 (Pearson 2016). In case of proprietary company also the directors duties should be maintained in a proper way. The directors of the proprietary company also held liable if there is any breach made in these duties. The position of section 180 of the Corporation Act is wide in nature and it has been mentioned under the provision that the director of a company should show reasonable care not only to the shareholders but also to other directors as well as the colleagues of the company. The directors of the proprietor company should be act in diligent while performing the job and they will be under an obligation of the necessary provision of the Corporation Act 2001. In a company is internal as well as external affairs directors are playing an important role and the fate of the company is very much reliable on the acts of the directors. A companys reputation is very much depending on the director and it is their utmost duty to perform their job in good faith. However, a laxity has been observed in this c ase two of the directors of the company have decided to open a new company without informing the other two of the directors. This act of the directors cannot be stated as a diligent act. Section 182 and section 183 of the corporation at will be applicable in this case (Rahim Alam 2014). Under section 182 of the corporation at it has been mentioned and clarified that a director should not misuse their post at any cost. It is also a duty of the directors that no Bridge has been made easy by them or by any of the director of the proprietary company. The directors are under an obligation not to act in such a way so that the interest of the company can be harmed. They should maintain the professionalism in the company and should disclose all the relevant documents and fax to the shareholders as well as the other directors of the company. However in this case there is a bridge has been made by the earliest directors as they had not involved other two directors into their plan and they had decided to incorporate another company that will be of similar in nature to that the present company. The Companies Act of Australia will restrict them regarding the opening of a similar company (Roach 2016). As per the contention made under section 183 of the Corporation Act, a director of a company is under a liability not to gain any legal advantage from the company. 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